@conference {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: Feed value of maize silage in New Zealand - a review},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2016},
	month = {07/2016},
	pages = {100-102},
	address = {Adelaide},
	abstract = {Maize silage is a major dietary component for dairy cows in the USA and Germany with average feeding rates of 2.7 and 4.1 tDM per cow per year respectively (Table 1).
Maize silage usage in NZ has increased over the past two decades. It currently accounts for approximately 6\% of feed energy supplied to the national herd, calculated using national herd energy requirements (based on cow numbers and milk processed 2013/14 in NZ (New Zealand Dairy Statistics 2013/14)) and the amount of maize silage harvested (AIMI 2015).

It is important to establish maize silage feed quality in NZ to better understand its potential to  support pasture based  farms. Published NZ research has measured in-vivo digestibility of maize silage in animal trials (Kirley 1977; Smith 1973); however, the number of trials is limited and they were not performed using standard protocols to allow pooling of data.

The aim of this paper was to compare the nutrient composition of overseas and NZ maize silage to determine if overseas in-vivo energy measurements are applicable to local maize silage and to determine how well NZ maize silage kernel is processed.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Kleinmans JJ and Densley RJ and Hurley T and Williams ID and Calbert F}
}
@conference {41792,
	title = {Systems and economic analysis of use of maize silage within pasture-based beef production},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {63-66},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Brisbane, Australia},
	abstract = {The productivity and profitability of the use of maize silage (MS) within pasture-based beef production systems was evaluated using the Farmax Pro{\textregistered} model. Farm systems were simulated based on an intensive one year-old steer production system with two pasture growth patterns (Waikato and Hawkes Bay), three different proportions of the farm in MS production (0\%, 5\% or 10\%) and MS fed either during winter (W) or summer (S). MS cost 13.5 and 16.1 c/kg dry matter (DM) for Waikato and Hawkes Bay respectively. This price included the cost of growing, harvesting, ensiling and feeding. Beef schedule prices were based on $1.80/kg live weight (LW). Feeding MS increased beef production in all scenarios tested by a mean of 36\% with values of 427, 581 and 576 kg net meat/ha/year for the no MS, S and W feeding systems respectively. Farm profitability (gross margin per hectare) was increased by feeding MS in W and S, with values of $934 and $754 respectively, compared with the no MS system of $636. MS feeding was still profitable at a schedule price of $1.40/kg LW and at higher MS costs up to 23 c/kg DM. Appropriate use of MS in beef production systems can substantially improve animal performance and farm profitability. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Carracelas JG and Boom CJ and Litherland AJ and WMcG King and Williams ID}
}
@conference {41483,
	title = {Advances in maize silage genetics and crop management and the impact on the NZ dairy industry},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {105-109},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {Significant lifts in profitability have been achieved by New Zealand dairy farmers through the inclusion of increasing amounts of maize silage into a pasture based system. Most of this maize is grown off the dairy unit on farmer owned or leased runoff blocks or by contract growers. While there is still significant scope to improve dairy farm productivity by increasing maize silage input levels, there is considerable opportunity to also improve dairy farm productivity by reducing feed costs through improving maize silage yields, increasing milk output by lifting maize silage nutritional quality and improving agronomic stability of maize silage offering higher yields over a wider environmental range. Traditional plant breeding, genetic engineering and advances in agronomic management all have the potential to impact production potential and profitability of maize silage in New Zealand dairy farm systems. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Densley RJ and Williams ID and Miller DB and Densley DW and Sapienza DA}
}
