@conference {40660,
	title = {A comparison of protocols for the photoperiodic induction of synchronised wool follicle growth cycles},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {35-38},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {This study endeavoured to characterise the effects of breed and  calving liveweight (CW) on postpartum (pp) ovarian activity in 16  Friesian (F) and 16 Jersey (J) heifers. Half of the animals within each  breed were differentially fed (High vs Low: H vs L) during the 8 weeks  before calving to achieve CWs (24 h pp) of 404 (FH), 354 (FL), 334 (JH)  and 279 (JL) kg. They were fully fed as one group after calving.  Ovarian ultrasonography showed that the FL group had the longest  postpartum anovulatory interval (PPAI) of 77 days compared to 47 days  among other groups. The second dominant follicle pp emerged 6 days  later in FL heifers. Breed, but not CW, affected follicle patterns in  the first normal oestrous cycle. Underfeeding of Friesian heifers  during late pregnancy extended the PPAI whereas Jerseys were not  affected to the same extent.   },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Craven AJ and Parry AL and Ashby MG and Pearson AJ}
}
@conference {40583,
	title = {The effect of long-day photoperiod treatments on plasma prolactin and wool follicle activity in New Zealand Wiltshire sheep},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {135-138},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Exposure of NZ Wiltshire sheep to a long-day photoperiod during late  
winter/spring has previously been shown to alter wool follicle growth patterns.   
The present experiment was undertaken to evaluate the plasma prolactin and  
wool follicle response to treatment with either 1, 2 or 3 months of long days. 
 
Four groups of six, NZ Wiltshire ewes were subjected to long-day photoperiod  
(16L:8D) for 1 month (LD1), 2 months (LD2), 3 months (LD3) or natural  
photoperiod (control), commencing on the 3 August, after which they were  
released from light treatment into natural (indoor) spring daylength.  Weekly  
jugular blood samples were assayed for prolactin (PRL) and skin biopsies were  
histologically assessed for wool follicle activity. 
 
Circulating PRL concentrations were low in all treated and control sheep at the  
start of the experiment (19 {\textpm} 2 ng/ml).  In treated sheep mean PRL  
concentration increased (P<0.05) above control levels (8 {\textpm} 1 ng/ml) within 1  
week after exposure to long days (52 {\textpm} 4, 51 {\textpm} 5 and 55 {\textpm} 2 ng/ml for LD1,  
LD2 and LD3, respectively).  PRL concentrations remained significantly higher  
than controls (P<0.05) for the duration of each treatment reaching maxima of  
148 {\textpm} 27 ng/ml, 180 {\textpm} 43 ng/ml, and 199 {\textpm} 33 ng/ml for LD1, LD2 and LD3  
respectively.  In LD2 and LD3 treatments, PRL concentrations declined to  
control levels by 3 and 2 weeks after treatment had ceased, respectively, but in  
the LD1 treatment PRL remained significantly above (P<0.05) control levels  
until between 2 and 3 months after treatment.  Primary follicle activity (PFA)  
decreased in response to long-day treatment (P<0.01) reaching minima of 47 {\textpm}  
9\%, 36 {\textpm} 6\%, and 33 {\textpm} 11\% in LD1, LD2, LD3 sheep, respectively.  Secondary  
follicle activity (SFA) responses were most marked in the LD2 and LD3  
treatments where they fell below (P<0.05) control levels reaching minima at 2  
months into treatment (66 {\textpm} 15\% and 58 {\textpm} 13\% for LD2 and LD3,  
respectively).  Both PFA and SFA increased to over 90\%, within 1 month after  
release into natural light, in all treatments groups (except PFA for the LD1  
group which took 2 months after release to reach over 90\%). 
 
In support of previously reported trials an increasing level of plasma PRL was  
followed by a decline in follicle activity.  The optimal time frame to achieve an  
effective synchronised follicle regression was between 2 and 3 months of long- 
day treatment.  The long-day treatment system produced a complete follicle  
growth cycle in temporal synchrony and is therefore a potential model for the  
investigation of structural and biochemical processes surrounding transitions  
between active and resting stages of fibre growth. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Craven AJ and Parry AL and Wildermoth JE and Pearson AJ}
}
@conference {40582,
	title = {Prenatal wool follicle development in Romney, Merino and Merino- Romney cross sheep},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {131-134},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The prenatal development of wool follicles has been described separately  
for the Merino and Romney but a comparative study of both breeds and their  
cross has not been undertaken.  This study compared the rate and timing of  
follicle development in midside skin samples from Romney, Merino and  
Merino-Romney cross (MxR) foetuses slaughtered at weekly intervals from day  
76 to 144 of gestation. 
 
The development pattern of total number of follicles per unit area of skin  
differed between genotypes as indicated by a significant (P<0.001) genotype x  
gestational age interaction.  The total follicle density of each genotype  
increased from day 76 to day 105 at which time the follicle density of the  
Romney peaked at 229 follicles/mm2.  Total follicle density of the MxR  
continued to increase to between 420 and 510 follicles/mm2 between day 104  
and 122 of gestation and the Merino reached a peak of 1170 follicles/mm2 at  
day 125 of gestation.  The density of immature (i) and mature fibre-bearing (f)  
primary follicles (P(f+i)) did not differ (P>0.10) between genotypes over time,  
with each genotype reaching a maximum density of P(f+i) between days 83 and  
90 of gestation.  Primary follicles (P) began to reach maturity by gestational  
day 90 in the MxR and by day 97 in the Merino and the Romney (P>0.10).  In  
all genotypes, secondary follicle (S) initiation began at around day 90 with a  
small proportion starting to form fibres by day 105 of gestation.  There was a  
significant interaction between genotype and gestational age for both the  
density of S(f+i) (P<0.0001) and the density of S(f) (P<0.01).  Specifically, 
S(f+i) increased to 175 follicles/mm2 in the Romney, 440 follicles/mm2 in the 
MxR and 900 follicles/mm2 in the Merino at 105, 105 and 125 days gestation  
respectively, after which S(f+i) density stayed relatively constant up to birth. 
 
These results indicate that follicle initiation and fibre formation in different  
genotypes occurs at similar ages during fetal growth.  The high total follicle  
density in the Merino is due to a high S density which, in turn, is due to S  
initiation continuing for longer than in either the Romney or MxR.  These data  
provide a model for the identification of certain physiological factors which  
affect secondary follicle initiation and development. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hocking-Edwards JE and Birtles MJ and Harris PM and Parry AL and Paterson E and Wickham GA and McCutcheon SN}
}
@conference {40519,
	title = {Skin follicle development in South African (SA) and SA x New Zealand Angora goats},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {327-330},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The expected value of the solution of the differential equation arising from the allometric hypothesis when the variables are random is found. This solution differs from the deterministic solution, so that predictions using the allometric equation which ignore the stochastic nature of the differential equation are biased. When lease squares estimation is carried out using the deterministic solution, ignoring the stochastic nature of the size variable, the estimate of the constant coefficient of the allometric equation may be severely biased. An example shows mild bias in estimates of the maturity parameter, but large bias in the estimate of the constant coefficient. To obtain unbiased estimates of the parameters in the allometric equation a factor equal to the reciprocal of the square of the size variable must be added to the usual log-log regression used to calculate estimates of the parameters. These results have application to models based on the allometric hypothesis, in particular models which are used in studies of carcass composition and the description of maintenance requirements in animal nutrition. When these models are used for prediction they need to be modified to account for any random variation occurring in the size variable.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Parry AL and Death AF and Dick HB and Miller CM and Craven AJ}
}
@conference {40342,
	title = {An evaluation of the New Zealand Wiltshire sheep as a model for studies on the physiology of fibre growth},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1991},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {365-370},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {In New Zealand, breeding values have been predicted using the  method of selection index (Sheeplan, Beefplan, Animalplan) or variants  such as a modified contemporary comparison (Dairy Cattle). Over the  last decade, research systems for evaluating beef cattle, dairy cattle,  sheep and pigs in New Zealand have increasingly made use of Henderson{\textquoteright}s  mixed model equations. In appropriate circumstances, these equations  give rise to evaluations which are best, linear and unbiased predictions  (BLUP). This review compares and contrasts theoretical and applied  aspects of evaluation using selection index and BLUP. An example is  used to demonstrate the rationale of BLUP for evaluating animals with  records in different contemporary groups such as across flocks or years.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Parry AL and Pearson AJ and Morris R and Still L-A}
}
@conference {40231,
	title = {Concentration of melatonin in plasma of goats treated with Regulin},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1990},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {297-300},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Sustained release of melatonin from implants or microcapsules   administered in October induced cashmere growth during November to March   in all ten, treated, cashmere-bearing goats. The mean maximum length of   the cashmere in this induced fleece ranged from 12-55mm. Another   cashmere growth cycle followed between autumn and winter. In contrast,   nineteen control goats grew cashmere only during the autumn-winter   period. Melatonin treatment increased total mean cashmere staple length   by up to 65\% for treated animals compared with controls. The onset of   growth of the autumn fleece in the treated goats was delayed as also was   the time when maximum length was achieved on shedding occurred.   Melatonin treatment should permit the shearing of the autumn fleece to   be delayed, thus reducing the risk of post-shearing losses during   inclement weather in late winter.    },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Parry AL and Paterson DJ and Litherland AJ and Death AF and Staples LD}
}
@conference {40267,
	title = {The effect of pre-mating feeding level and age on liveweight change on reproductive performance of cashmere does},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1990},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {477-478},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The results in this field over the last 10 years at Ruakura and  relevant international data is reviewed. The nutrients involved have  been defined and a likely mechanism of action indicated. Pasture  allowance experiments indicated effects of pasture quality and a series  of pellet feeding trials defined effects of both energy (linear) and  protein (threshold) intakes. The threshold effect of protein was  confirmed by the abomasal infusion of protein. Analyses of changes in  blood concentrations of amino-acids indicated the involvement of the  branched-chain amino-acids (BCAA) and this has been confirmed by an  increased ovulation rate after intravenous infusion of BCAA. It is  concluded that the static and dynamic liveweight and the immediate  nutrient effects are the same response measured at different times. The  rate at which the response develops is dependant on the type of  feedstuff.   Studies into the mechanism of action in both intact and ovariectomised  ewes have ruled out effects on pituitary release of FSH either directly  or via interference with negative feedback influences. This indicates  that the effect is at the ovarian level and is mediated either by direct  action of the BCAA or indirectly via a metabolic hormone.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Parry AL and Edmonds DK and Knight TW and Hamilton GJ}
}
@conference {40239,
	title = {Melatonin for cashmere production},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1990},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {339-344},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Relative to an industry Romney control line, three lines derived   from screening for high prolificacy, consisting of Romneys, Perendales   and Coopworths had significantly heavier weaning weights after   adjustment for non-genetic factors with weights of 19.9 (100), 22.3   (112), 24.0 (121) and 23.9 (120) kilograms (percentage relative to the   Romney controls) for the respective flocks. The differences increase   post-weaning and when slaughtered, between 175 and 219 days of age, the   carcass weights (kg) were 12.0 (100), 14.3 (119), 16.1 (134), 15.7 (131)   respectively for the different strains. Although the base populations   of Romneys are not genetically comparable the results suggest that the   intensive screening for prolificacy has indirectly resulted in animals   capable of more rapid growth to slaughter. The differences between   strains in their carcass weight adjusted subcutaneous fat depths were   minor except that the high prolificacy Perendales had lower increases in   fat depths with increasing carcass weight and had the lowest   subcutaneous fat depths at heavy weights. Additionally the high   prolificacy Perendales had 2 to 6 percent larger estimated L.   dorsi areas than the other genotypes.    },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Litherland AJ and Paterson DJ and Parry AL and Dick HB and Staples LD}
}
