@conference {40731,
	title = {Effect of Monensin capsules on blood metabolites near calving in twin- pregnant and single-pregnant beef cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {265-267},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that Rumensin  capsules administered during late pregnancy would have equally beneficial  effects in single- and twin-pregnant beef cows, on circulating levels of beta-  hydroxy butyrate (BOH), magnesium (Mg) and glucose. Forty cows, half of  which were twin pregnant, were treated with either a single Rumensin  capsule from a mean of 66 d prior to calving, or remained as untreated  controls. Plasma samples were taken on d66, 38, 23, 13 and 5 prior to  calving. Rumensin lowered BOH concentration by the second sampling time  (0.53 vs. 0.765 mmol/l, P<0.01) and maintained this concentration until  calving. Rumensin was without effect on Mg or glucose concentrations.   The effects of Rumensin were additive to those of pregnancy status (twin vs.  single) for all three metabolites thus confirming our hypothesis. Rumensin  may therefore be useful in the late pregnancy management of twin pregnant  cows.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McMillan WH and Oakley AP and Hewitt W}
}
@conference {40730,
	title = {Induction of early post-calving ovulation and oestrus in suckled beef cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {261-264},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of exogenous  progesterone, either without or with a single injection of gonadotrophin  releasing hormone (GnRH), at initiating early post-calving ovulatory and  oestrous activity. Six days (d)after the first post-partum follicle had attained  dominance cows were allocated to either an untreated control group; treated  with a progesterone-impregnated CIDR},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McMillan WH and Hall DRH and Oakley AP}
}
@conference {40634,
	title = {Determining the number of calves in early pregnancy using real-time ultrasound imaging in beef cows induced to twin.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {353-356},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Details of the timing of pregnancy loss following induced twinning are  
unknown.  The aim of this study was to evaluate real-time ultrasound as a  
method of determining early pregnancy status (0, 1 or 2 foetuses) in beef cows  
induced to twin using AI and ET.  A 7.5 Mhz ultrasound probe was used intra- 
rectally to count foetuses in 2 experiments.  In Exp. 1, 57 heifers were  
examined between 25 and 60 days of pregnancy and then slaughtered.  In Exp.  
2, up to 103 cows were examined between Day 25 \& 60 of pregnancy, and final  
pregnancy status was confirmed using calving records.  In Exp. 1, the accuracy  
of Day 25, Day 45 and Day 60 predictions of 2 foetuses was 100\%, 20\% and  
100\%, and 1/24, 5/33 and 1/33 twin pregnant heifers were predicted.  The  
accuracy of correctly predicting twin outcomes was 33, 50 and 33\% at the same  
3 stages of pregnancy, but only 3, 2 and 3 twin pregnancies occurred,  
respectively. In Exp. 2, there was generally little difference between the  
accuracy of predicting twin pregnancies and the accuracy of the prediction.   
Thus, at Day 25, 35 and 45 and 60, the accuracies were approximately 20, 47,  
52 and 45\%.  Twenty recipients eventually calved twins.  We conclude that  
real-time ultrasound imaging up to Day 60 is not an accurate technique for  
determining twin pregnancy status of cows.  Loss of concepti between scanning  
and term did contribute substantially to this poor result in Exp. 2, but not in  
Exp. 1. 
 },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McMillan WH and Oakley AP and Hall DRH}
}
@conference {40108,
	title = {Development of a dried colostrum},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {48},
	year = {1988},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {143-146},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Inherited protein variation in the blood of domestic species can provide the means to resolve cases of uncertain parentage. In red deer, protein variation has been described from natural populations in Europe, although the inheritance of this variation has not been verified using family data. This paper examines protein variation in the blood of New Zealand farmed red deer and tests the inheritance of each protein variant using family data from 46 matings. The 2 most variable proteins reported in European deer, transferrin and isocitrate dehydrogenase, were also variable in New Zealand farmed deer. The inheritance of variation in each of these proteins was consistent with co-dominant Mendelian inheritance at a single locus. In addition variation was found in plasma proteins in the postalbumins and the gamma-globulins. Variation in the postalbumins was consistent with co- dominant Mendelian inheritance at a single locus while variation in the gamma-globulins did not appear to be inherited. The inherited protein variants identified in red deer provide a blood test which detected 70\% of the possible mismatches between parents and calves in the sample of 46 matings.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Donnelly PE and Petch SF and McLaren RD and Oakley AP}
}
