@conference {41198,
	title = {Genetic parameters for improvement of dual-purpose flock productivity with constraints on mature ewe body weight},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2000},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {203-206},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {SIL provides opportunity for inclusion of information on mature ewe body weight in animal evaluations. This paper reports estimates of the parameters needed for these evaluations. Traits analysed were: weaning weight (WWT) and hogget liveweight in May (ALW); hogget yearling liveweight (HLW) and greasy fleece weight (HFW); and pre-mating body weights (ELW), number of lambs born (NLB) and greasy fleece weights of ewes at 2 to 5 years of age. EFW and especially ELW, were highly repeatable (>0.9), the pattern of genetic correlations suggesting that breeding ewes had reached maturity in these traits by 40 months of age. Direct and maternal genetic effects on WWT showed similar heritabilities (0.14{\textpm}0.02 \& 0.18{\textpm}0.02) and were positively correlated (0.20{\textpm}0.08). Maternal influences on traits measured at old ages were much reduced, direct heritabilities being similar to published estimates. WWT showed a high direct genetic correlation with LW8 and HLW (0.82{\textpm}0.02), but lower with ELW (0.70{\textpm}0.06 for 3-year old ewes). LW8 and HLW showed even higher direct genetic correlations with ELW (of the order of 0.90{\textpm}0.02). EFW was highly correlated genetically with HFW (0.80{\textpm}0.03), HLW (0.25{\textpm}0.04), ELW (0.23{\textpm}0.05) and LW8 (0.21{\textpm}0.04). Dual-purpose genetic response predictions were derived using SIL{\textquoteright}s recently revised relative economic values for a dual-purpose index. Its correlation with aggregate breeding value was 0.67. It predicted positive selection responses (per generation and standard deviation of selection pressure) in all traits: LW8 (2.1 kg), EFW (0.14 kg), NLB (0.038 lambs/ewe) and ELW (2.4 kg or 87\% of the predicted single trait response despite the negative economic weight for this trait). Restraining the response in ELW to zero required a ten-fold increase in the negative relative economic value for this trait, and reduced the correlation of the index with aggregate breeding merit to 58\% of its previous value. Such restriction greatly increased the relative contribution of fleece weight to economic response, made little difference to the contribution of NLB (although the absolute rate of progress was nearly halved), and reduced the contribution of growth; maternal effects on weaning weight became relatively more important. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Clarke JN and Dobbie JL and Jones KR and Wrigglesworth AL and Hickey SM}
}
@conference {41063,
	title = {Sex and age effects on genetic parameters for wool production and qualities},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {59},
	year = {1999},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {23-26},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated for New Zealand Romney sheep from within the selected and control lines of a 25-year selection experiment for greasy hogget fleece weight and yearling body weight. Average repeatability of clean fleece weight in 1 to 5 year-old ewes was 0.56, 25\% higher than the average heritability of 0.44. The average genetic correlation among measurements at different ages was 0.89. Sexual dichotomy in the relative predictive power of hogget records was most apparent for greasy and clean fleece weights but was evident to some degree for bulk and brightness as well, due mainly to lower heritabilities in male compared to female hoggets. Average co-heritability of greasy hogget with adult clean fleece weights was 25\% lower for male (0.26) compared to female (0.35) hoggets, in this case due to a lower genetic correlation (0.69 vs 0.81) as well as a lower heritability (0.33 vs 0.43, respectively). A repeatability model seemed an adequate approximation for estimation of breeding merit for most wool quality traits studied but not for lifetime wool production. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Clarke JN and Dobbie JL and Jones KR and Wrigglesworth AL and Hickey SM}
}
@conference {40955,
	title = {Comparison of weight-selected Romney hoggets for growth and ultrasonic fat and eye muscle dimensions.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {57},
	year = {1997},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {263-266},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Lines of Romney sheep selected for either weaning (WWW) or yearling body weight (TYW and HYW) for 25 years were compared relative to their respective controls in a common environment using two unselected crops of male and female progeny. The weaning weight (WWW) line and one of the yearling weight (TYW) lines were derived from a common base flock, of diverse origin. The WWW line maintained a similar body weight advantage of approximately 20\% over its control at 5, 8, 10 and 14 months of age. All control lines showed very similar average body weight trends with age (28.0{\textpm}0.5, 33.9{\textpm}0.05, 35.3{\textpm}0.06 and 42.6{\textpm}0.7). In contrast the yearling weight lines showed increasing divergence with age from 22\% in February to 28\% (TYW) and 31\% (HYW) at 13 months. All lines, and especially the yearling weight lines showed some weight increase over the winter (May to July). Eye muscle depth and width changed little over the winter compared with the previous autumn or the following spring, in contrast to fat depth trends which increased in all lines but for which however, there was little line divergence among the yearling weight lines during the winter. All selected lines had significantly lower eye muscle dimensions at the same liveweight than their controls (by 4\% for width and 5\% for depth). Lines also showed contrasting divergence in average weight-adjusted fat depth relative to their controls, especially those derived from the same base population. As judged by reductions in subcutaneous fat depth, the WWW line lost its initial leanness superiority (4\% lower fat depth) during the winter, the TYW line increasing its superiority (16-17\% lower fat depth) during the winter and spring. The other yearling liveweight line (HYW) showed only half the leanness superiority over its control at these times. Thus, lines selected for improved growth alone had different patterns of muscle and especially subcutaneous fat development in a desirable direction for commercial lean lamb production, but responses were variable. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Clarke JN and Dobbie JL and Jones KR and Uljee AE and Wrigglesworth AL}
}
@conference {40961,
	title = {The role of calsequestrin in muscle function.},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {57},
	year = {1997},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {286},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Meat quality depends on muscle quality which is related to the regulation of muscle function by the contrac-tion-inducing ion, calcium. If the process of Ca 2+ uptake, sequestration or release at the level of the muscle cell is interrupted or altered, there is a loss of muscle quality. Two well-characterized conditions that result directly from al-tered Ca2+ regulation are porcine malignant hyperthermia and chicken crook neck syndrome.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Trumble W and Wesson C and Jones KR and Uljee AE and Wrigglesworth AL}
}
@conference {40809,
	title = {Repeatabilities of blood plasma metabolites and their associations with leanness in genotypes showing a wide divergence in carcass composition},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {180-183},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Strain differences in lean : fat partitioning were typified by a marked  contrast in a lean growth index giving equal but opposite emphasis to the  weights of protein and fat, in line with previous publications. Strains  showed characteristic differences in blood metabolites which did not  necessarily reflect genetic variations within a strain and correlated responses  to within-breed selection for changes in body composition. High repeatabilities of blood metabolites within a strain were found for  pasture-fed lambs aged between 5 and 14 months for samples collected on  the same day following overnight fasts of 20 vs 24 hours, but were lower for  samples taken from fasted animals at different ages. Between-age within- strain repeatabilities (averaged across two trials) were moderate for plasma  urea (0.24) creatinine (0.38) and non-esterified fatty acids (0.18), but low for  beta-hydroxybutyrate (0.09). Similar moderate heritability estimates were  found for urea and creatinine. Although standard errors were very high for  this small dataset based on only 12 sires, estimates for carcass composition  were in broad agreement with other more reliable published values. Also in  line with other results, sire-progeny variations in urea and beta- hydroxybutyrate were more positively related to carcass protein than carcass  fat, while the reverse was true for creatinine. Metabolically contrasting pairs  of metabolites showed potentially useful predictive associations with sire- progeny variations in protein:fat partitioning.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Clarke JN and Binnie DB and Dobbie JL and Jones KR and Mowat CM and Purchas RW and Uljee AE}
}
@conference {40732,
	title = {Genetic parameters of lifetime wool production},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {268-271},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated from the selected  and control lines of a 25-year selection experiment for hogget greasy fleece  weight (GFW). The heritability of GFW was higher in the selected than the  control line and in female hoggets (0.48) compared with males (0.32). Inter-  age genetic correlations were less than unity, and higher in fleece weight  selected animals. Average genetic correlations between hogget and adult  records were higher in ewe than ram hoggets. Together these parameters  gave co-heritability estimates (pooled across lines) for greasy hogget with  clean adult ewe fleece weights of nearly half the average magnitude in males  (0.21) compared with female (0.36). These results have important  repercussions to the design of effective selection strategies for improvement  of lifetime wool production.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Clarke JN and Dobbie JL and Hickey SM and Jones KR and Wrigglesworth AL}
}
@conference {40367,
	title = {Blood metabolites near calving in twin-pregnant and single- pregnant cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {21-24},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {This trial was designed to test the hypothesis that increased  faecal egg counts (FEC) of fleeceweight-selected (FW) lambs over  control (C) lambs represented a decreased resistance to internal  parasitism in FW lambs. Measurements were recorded over a 42 day period  from late February 1991 using August-born lambs from the Massey  University FW and C flocks. All lambs were drenched with ivermectin on  day 0. Lambs of each sex and flock were randomly allocated within sire  (4 per flock) to receive an albendazole controlled release capsule  (+ALB). Ewes and rams were run separately. Midside wool growth,  liveweight, and FEC were recorded, and estimates of dry matter intake  were inferred from chromate analyses.   The FW lambs had consistently higher FEC{\textquoteright}s than C lambs. Significant  differences were observed by flock and ALB treatment in both wool  production and liveweight gain, but no significant flock-by-ALB  interaction were detected. Trends in production traits indicated that  the superiority of FW lambs may have increased in situations where the  development of adult worm burdens was continually suppressed. However,  no clear evidence was found to show that FEC is a reliable indicator of  a sheep{\textquoteright}s resistance to production losses arising out of internal  parasitism.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Morris CA and Day AM and Jones KR}
}
@conference {39919,
	title = {Effect of {\textquoteright}Ralgro{\textquoteright} on growth, body composition and behaviour of lambs, heifers and bulls},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1984},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {211-214},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {In 5 trials involving lambs grazing either lotus (L) or white clover (WC) in summer/autumn, those on L were consistently less fat. In trial 1 Romney wether lambs (n=12), grazed 62 days, had weight-corrected carcass fat depths C of 2.1 (L) and 3.4 (WC) mm. In trial 2 Romney hoggets (n+10) grazed 40 days, L had a lower side fat percent than WC at a similar weight. Trial 3 compared Romney lambs (n=20) of the same weight. After 80 days fat depths were significantly lower for L.  In Trial 4 Southdown x Romney lambs (n=24), grazed for 45 days. Several measures of fatness were significantly lower in the L group after correcting for initial fatness and carcass weight. Trial 5 was similar to trial 4 (n=16), but continued over 76 days and the differences in fatness were greater. Growth rates of the lambs in these trials were in favour of the WC group by an average of about 15 percent. The lotus tannin content was 10 to 30 g/kg DM. It is concluded that lambs grazed on pure lotus are likely to be less fat than lambs of the same weight grazed on clover, possibly because the protein of lotus is to some extent protected from rumen degradation by tannins, thus effectively increasing its protein content.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Bass JJ and Jagusch KT and Jones KR and Reardon TF and Day AM}
}
@conference {39775,
	title = {Reproductive performance of beef cows following temporary removal of calves},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {42},
	year = {1982},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {83-86},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Bovine sperm was inactivated by centrifuging twice through a 7\% Ficoll solution. The inactivated sperm could be reactivated for periods up to 10 days with B.S.A., egg yolk, seminal plasma and milk. To test the effect of inactivation on fertility semen was either (1) immediately diluted in Caprogen + 5\% egg yolk; or (2) twice centrifuged and then diluted as above; or (3) twice centrifuged, stored in an inactivated condition for 60 h and then diluted as above. Cows were inseminated 72 h after collection of semen. Fertility following insemination was (1) 74.3\%; (2) 72.5\%; (3) 54.2\%. Storage of sperm in the inactivated condition reduced fertility (P<0.01).},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Tervit HR and Smith JF and Goold PG and Jones KR and Vandien JJD}
}
@conference {39472,
	title = {The carcass composition of Angus, Hereford x, Angus, Friesian x Angus, Charolaise x Angus and South Devon x Angus steers},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1975},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {112-118},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Bass JJ and Baker RL and Carter AH and Jones KR}
}
