@conference {40972,
	title = {Current status of a candidate gene marker for bloat susceptibility in cattle},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {58},
	year = {1998},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {10-12},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Pasture bloat costs New Zealand{\textquoteleft}s dairy industry at least $25M annually. We have previously shown that a salivary protein is increased in abundance in saliva from cattle that have been selected for low susceptibility to bloat compared with those selected for high susceptibility. We have now obtained the cDNA sequence for two closely related forms of this protein, which we term bSP30a and bSP30b. These share 83\% sequence identity at the amino acid level, but at best only 28-30\% homology with salivary proteins from other species. Analysis of genomic DNA by PCR suggests that the two forms of bSP30 are coded on two separate genes. However, the function of bSP30 and how it might influence susceptibility to bloat remains as yet unknown. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wheeler TT and Haigh BJ and Wilkins RJ and McCracken JY and Morris CA}
}
@conference {40782,
	title = {Measurement of cell death by in situ end labelling of ruminant mammary gland tissue},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {71-76},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Apoptosis was examined by in situ end labelling (ISEL) of DNA in  ewe and cow mammary sections representing the cycle of mammary  development, lactation and regression. Labelled nuclei, identifying apoptotic  dying cells, were found in tissues from all developmental stages. Generally,  apoptosis was low in tissue from virgin animals, moderate in 3 and low in 2  week udders from prepartum ewes and mid pregnant cows, moderate to high  in udders from 1 week post partum ewe udders, moderate to low in lactating  ewes and cows and slightly higher in involuting ewe and cow udders.  Apoptosis was also generally higher in alveoli in stasis than in lactating  alveoli. A dramatic finding was that there was intense labelling with both  35S and DIG in the lumenal contents of some alveoli in stasis/involution  particularly with animals in later lactation. This suggested that there was a  significant amount of ragged DNA ends in the lumen of these alveoli.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Wilkins RJ and Davis SR}
}
@conference {40772,
	title = {Sequence variations in genes coding for bovine Beta-lactoglobulin and alpha S1-casein},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {45-46},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The techniques involved in searching for bovine milk protein variants  by the direct sequencing of genes are discussed. Examples are drawn from  our studies of two major milk protein genes, b-lactoglobulin and aS1-casein.  In the former case it was possible to subdivide the A and B variants even  further according to point mutations found in the promoter region of the  gene, while in the latter case, a New Zealand aS1 casein type A variant in  Friesians was shown to arise from a point deletion in the gene which differs  significantly from a mutation reported to give rise to the same type A  variants in the German Red breed. The potential of this analytical approach  for analysing milk protein genes is discussed.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wilkins RJ and Davey HW}
}
@conference {40720,
	title = {Effect of selection for early lambing performance on the seasonal patterns of gonadotrophin levels; response to GnRH and semen characteristics},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {228-231},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Brewer JC and Briggs RM and Parr J and Wilkins RJ and Smith JF}
}
@conference {40714,
	title = {Sensitive PCR for detecting Benzimidazole resistant sub populations of ovine nematodes in the Waikato},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {209-210},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Lehrer S and Davey H and Watson T and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40623,
	title = {Evidence for a diffusible factor influencing the switching of ovine and bovine milk gene expression leads to identification of factors},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {303-306},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Our earlier <I>in situ</I> hybridisation studies have shown heterogeneous  
expression of milk protein genes.  At some sites, a sharp demarcation of  
mRNA expression is seen at the basement membrane between {\textquoteright}active{\textquoteright} and  
{\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright} tissue, while at other nearby sites, a reciprocal gradient of mRNA  
expression about 10 cells wide is seen.  The alveoli in these latter {\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright}  
sites contain leucocytes which indicates that they have been {\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright} longer  
than the former.  This suggests a factor could be diffusing between {\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright}  
and {\textquoteright}active{\textquoteright} tissues and influencing milk gene expression.  We used a  
consensus oligomer corresponding to the linkers between the fingers of zinc  
finger DNA binding proteins in a polymerase chain reaction performed on  
cDNA from {\textquoteright}active{\textquoteright} versus {\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright} mammary mRNA.  Differences and  
similarities were observed in the sizes of the DNA products from each sample.   
Several of the bands present in the {\textquoteright}active{\textquoteright} cDNA and absent from the  
{\textquoteright}inactive{\textquoteright} cDNA were cloned and some were found to have homologies to zinc  
finger and other DNA binding proteins.  It is possible that we have partially  
isolated a component of the pathway that maintains lactation. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Musgrave DR and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40476,
	title = {An appraisal of the utility of primary cell culture from sheep udders to investigate the control of mammary function},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {151-154},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {No abstract supplied.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wheeler TT and Callaghan MR and Davis SR and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40480,
	title = {Beta-lactoglobulin expression in bovine mammary tissue},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {167-170},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Human factors are generally recognised as influential factors affecting the welfare and productivity of farm animals, and we have proposed that in intensive animal production systems there are some important sequential relationships between the attitude and behaviour of the stockperson towards farm animals and the behaviour, performance and welfare of farm animals.  Basically we have suggested that because a stockperson{\textquoteright}s behaviour towards farm animals is largely under volitional control, this behaviour is strongly influenced by the attitudes and beliefs that the stockperson holds about the animals. Furthermore, the stockperson{\textquoteright}s behaviour towards animals affects the animals{\textquoteright} fear of humans which, in turn, may affect the animals{\textquoteright} productivity and welfare. It is the occurrence of a stress response in animals which are highly fearful of humans which places their productivity and welfare at risk. We have published data which strongly support these interrelationships between human attitude and behaviour and animal behaviour, productivity and welfare. The results of recent research in the intensive animal industries indicate the excellent opportunity which exists to improve animal productivity and welfare by training and selecting stockpersons to have desirable attitudinal and behavioural profiles towards farm animals.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Ford CA and Connett MB and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40479,
	title = {Expression of milk genes in ruminant mammary tissue, is it subject to local controlling factors?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {163-166},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {To assess whether reducing visibility would also reduce aggression in farmed bulls, we put 2 newly-formed groups of 20-month old Friesian bulls into two types of paddocks. Those animals in paddocks where visibility was obscured by pine trees showed about one-eighth the level of aggression as those put into a bare grassy paddock. It seems likely that vision is a modifier of aggression in bulls as in some other species.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Davis SR and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40312,
	title = {alpha-Lactabumin - The milk manipulator{\textquoteright}s dream},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1991},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {211-218},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The importation of 100 alpacas from Chile in 1989 has enabled  some preliminary observations to be made on the performance of these  animals under farming conditions in Otago. After one year the adult  female liveweights (70.8-72.8 kg) exceeded that of alpacas farmed in  South America. Cria showed high growth rates (176 gm/day) to weaning at  5 months of age. Sixty two cria were born and their survival to 7  months of age was high (92\%). Only 22\% of females had cria following  spring mating but a more successful autumn mating resulted in 61\%  pregnant. Adult females clipped 1.7 kg and males 2.8 kg of fibre. The  fibre diameter from females averaged 28.8 microns and from males 30.6  microns. Nine month old cria clipped 1.7 kg of fibre with a mean  diameter of 23.4 microns. These preliminary data indicate that alpacas  are adapting well to this new environment, but as in South America,  there are problems of low fertility.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {40291,
	title = {Localisation of alpha-lactalbumnin gene expression in sheep mammary tissue},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1991},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {97-102},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The feasibility of a juvenile MOET (multiple ovulation and  embryo transfer) scheme in sheep was evaluated in three trials using 6-7  month-old animals. Ovulation rate was not affected by the dose (1.3 vs  1.1) or the time (1.5 vs 0.9) of PMSG administration, but it was higher  in adults than lambs (2.0 vs 1.15, P<0.05) (Trial 1). Adults also  showed a higher percentage of animals in heat (89 vs 60, P<0.05) and a  higher percentage of eggs recovered (87 vs 56, P<0.05) or fertilised (82  vs 48, P<0.05). In Trial 2, a higher response was achieved with PMSG  than FSH-P, Ovagen or PMSG + Ovagen (4.18 vs 1.78, 1.06 and 2.05,  P<0.05). GnRH did not affect the ovarian response to gonadotrophins  (2.29 vs 2.25, P<0.05). Embryo viability appeared higher in lambs  treated with Ovagen alone. A combination of Ovagen + PMSG and with or  without GnRH did not improve significantly (P<0.05) the response  compared to the administration of PMSG plus GnRH (2.3, 2.8, 2.2 and 2.8  vs 1.7) (Trial 3). The superovulatory treatments involved failed to  induce satisfactory ovulatory responses in these prepubertal sheep.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Davis SR and Wilkins RJ}
}
@conference {39572,
	title = {Improving forage nutritive value: Some recent findings in forage conservation research in Europe},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {37},
	year = {1977},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {249-257},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Barry TN and Wilkinson JM and Wilkins RJ}
}
