@article {3672,
	title = {Is there sire variation in seasonal liveweight gain of rising-yearling red deer?},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2021},
	month = {01/2022},
	pages = {186-189},
	address = {Online},
	abstract = {Red deer exhibit the greatest seasonal control of nutritional physiology of farmed ruminants in New Zealand, highlighted by seasonal inappetence during winter, present in all sex and age classes. Four years of data from 2048 DNA-pedigreed mixed-sex progeny of 112 sires and 1069 dams from a red deer breeding stud were interrogated to investigate the hypothesis of sire variation in growth across seasons in rising yearlings. Analysis used 17145 live weights from progeny with >= 4 live weights to a minimum of 300 days of age. Estimates of the weights of all animals at the same age were calculated by fittinga restricted maximum likelihood model to adjust for multiple variables and create sire best linear unbiased predictions of rising-yearling growth. Liveweight gain was examined at 11 key seasonal ages. While overall post-weaning variation in liveweight gain was low (CV = 3.6-4.7\%), for seasonal periods it was higher (CV 9.2-15.5\%), with the greatest variability during the winter period (CV = 15.5\%). Ranking sires by the predicted proportion of gained live weight of their offspring over seasonal periods showed sire variation across different seasons. Such variation may be beneficial allowing genetic selection of animals to fit dferent farm systems.Keywords: red deer; Cervus elaphus; seasonality; growth; live weight},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Ward JF and Cox NR and McMahon CD and Stevens DR and Asher GW}
}
@conference {41457,
	title = {Northern analysis of temporal and spatial variation in milk protein expression during early mammary involution in dairy cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {5-7},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {Understanding the mammary responses that occur at the cessation of milking whether natural, forced, or which occur at the end of the milking season and during the subsequent initiation of mammary involution (Holst et al., 1987; Hurley, 1989) has relevance in milk production traits such as milk yield, persistency and extended milking intervals and may suggest ways of improving milk production in later lactation (Stelwagen, 2001) (Vetharaniam et al., 2003).  The proportions of secretory, support and milk storage components vary significantly between the alveolar (main milk synthesis), peripheral (a several cm thick layer of secretory tissue surrounding the main alveolar bed) and cisternal (main milk storage area adjoining the teats) compartments of the udder (Farr et al., 1996; Sordillo and Nickerson, 1988; Weber, 1977). In addition, variations in the local proportions of these components has also been observed in the main alveolar areas and dramatic variations of gene expression depending on the local mammary tissue composition have been observed (Molenaar et al., 1992). Ignorance of the effect on gene expression profiles resulting from sampling variations could lead to improper interpretation of experimental results and hence there is a need for more extensive spatial and temporal surveys to be done. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Farr VC and Oden KE and Wheeler TT and McMahon CD and Good LL and Stelwagen K and Singh K and Davis SR}
}
