@conference {69517,
	title = {Daily water intake by individual cows on a pasture diet during mid lactation},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {257-260},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Three small studies were undertaken in the Waikato involving daily measurements of water intake of individual mixed-age Holstein-Friesian and crossbred cows, mid lactation. In Trial 1 at Ruakura, cows were monitored whilst grazing and, in Trials 2 and 3 at DairyNZ, pasture was cut and fed to cows indoors. Mean daily water intakes by Trial were 41.3, 78.2 and 60.1 L/cow, respectively; standard deviations were 4.5, 8.3 and 7.2 L/cow, and between-cow repeatabilities averaged 0.56 {\textpm} 0.08. There were two days of rain in Trial 1; the greater of these rainfalls (26.4 mm) led to a 62\% reduction in water intake. There was no rainfall above 2 mm in Trials 2 or 3. Daily feed intakes (and feed dry-matter percentages) of cows were also available (Trials 2 and 3), and combined daily water intake (calculated from actual-water intakes plus water content of the feed consumed) averaged 104.5 and 110.6 L/cow, respectively. At an average water intake from the trough of 60 L/cow, the 25\% of cows drinking least are expected to drink ~8.4 L (14\%) less than average. This knowledge is useful when planning management practices such as supplementing water with zinc sulphate for facial eczema protection.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Morris CA and Hickey SM and Thom ER and Waugh CD}
}
