@conference {40654,
	title = {Regulation of lactose production by ovine mammary acini in culture},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {55},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {17-20},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Five sets of rising five year old Holstein-Friesian non-lactating  identical twin cows were studied from February to April 1994. One  member from each twin pair had been tail docked at 18 months of age  while the other member had its tail intact. The animals were observed  weekly at three different times of day; 7am, 12 noon and 3pm. At low  fly levels there were no significant differences in the frequencies of  either front (eg. leg stamping) or rear (eg. tail flicking) focused fly-  induced behaviours between the two treatments. At high fly levels there  were no significant differences in front focused behaviours but the  docked animals performed significantly more rear focused behaviours than  the non-docked cows (eg. 96 vs 34 tailflicks at 12 noon, p<0.05).    The adrenocorticol responses to intravenous injection of 0.05mg ACTH  (Synachthen, CIBA-GEIGY) or saline was assessed four times throughout  the experiment. The animals were blood sampled at time - 1min, 50 and  120 min relative to the time of injection of ACTH or saline. There were  no significant differences in plasma cortisol concentrations in response  to ACTH injection between treatments.    Tail docked cows had elevated levels of fly induced behaviour but did  not have an altered adrenal cortex function. This suggests that  behaviour is a more sensitive indicator of the effects of fly predation  than adrenal response to ACTH. Sensitive physiological indicators of  chronic stress need to be developed for the assessment of husbandry  practices.   },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McFadden TB and Callaghan MR and Davis SR}
}
